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Longitudinal Changes over 10 Years in Free Testosterone among HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Men

TitleLongitudinal Changes over 10 Years in Free Testosterone among HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Men
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsSlama, L, Jacobson, LP, Li, X, Palella, F. J., J, Margolick, JB, Kingsley, LA, Wiley, DJ, Pialoux, G, Dobs, AS, Brown, TT, Bream, J, Crain, B, Elion, R, Estrella, M, Johnson-Hill, L, Leng, S, Monroe, A, Munro, C, Plankey, MW, Post, W, Sacktor, N, Schrack, J, Thio, C, Wolinsky, SM, Phair, JP, Badri, S, Gabuzda, D, Penugonda, S, Reddy, S, Stephens, M, Teplin, L, Detels, R, Martínez-Maza, O, Aronow, A, Anton, P, Bolan, R, Breen, E, Butch, A, Hussain, S, Jamieson, B, Miller, EN, Oishi, J, Vinters, H, Witt, M, Yang, O, Young, S, Zhang, ZF, Rinaldo, CR, Becker, JT, Gupta, P, Ho, K, Koletar, S, Martinson, JJ, Mellors, JW, Silvestre, AJ, Stall, RD, D'Souza, G, Alison,, Abraham,, Althoff, K, Deal, J, Duggal, P, Haberlen, S, Muoz, A, Ng, D, Schollenberger, J, Seaberg, EC, Su, S, Surkan, P, Huebner, RE, Dominguez, G
JournalJournal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Volume71
Pagination57-64
Type of ArticleArticle
ISBN Number15254135 (ISSN)
KeywordsAdult, Aged, Aging, anti human immunodeficiency virus agent, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, article, biological marker, blood, clinical trial, cohort analysis, complication, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, diurnal variation, Eunuchism, Free testosterone, Health Status, highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV Infections, HIV-status, human, Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Humans, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, Middle Aged, multicenter study, physiology, priority journal, Prospective Studies, Prospective study, race, Regression Analysis, Testosterone, testosterone blood level, time factor, Time Factors
Abstract

Background: Aging in males is associated with lower testosterone levels and a decrease in diurnal variation of testosterone secretion. Cross-sectional studies have shown lower than expected testosterone levels among HIV-infected men, but whether age-related changes in serum testosterone differ by HIV serostatus are not known. Methods: HIV-infected men from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), age ≥45 years at highly active antiretroviral therapy initiation, who had ≥2 samples from the subsequent 10 years, were matched to HIV-uninfected men by age, race, MACS site, and calendar time of samples. Linear mixed-effects regression models were used to determine whether free testosterone (FT) and its rate of change differed by HIV serostatus. Results: One hundred eighty-two HIV-infected and 267 HIV-uninfected men were included, median age: 48.8 years (interquartile range: 45.8-53.4), median numbers of FT measurements per participant 4 (interquartile range: 3-5), 65% were drawn in the adjusted morning (AM). Mean-adjusted FT levels were lower among HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected men in AM samples {-6.1 ng/dL [95% confidence interval (CI): -9.8 to -2.4], P 0.001}, but not in afternoon samples [-1.7 ng/dL (-6.0 to 2.6), P 0.441]. The rate of FT decline with age did not differ by HIV serostatus: 9.2 ng/dL (95% CI: -13.4 to -5.0) per 10 years for HIV-infected vs. 7.9 ng/dL (95% CI: -10.2 to -5.5) for HIV-uninfected men, P 0.578. Conclusions: FT decreased similarly with increasing age regardless of HIV serostatus. The lower AM, but not adjusted afternoon, FT levels among HIV-infected men compared with HIV-uninfected men suggest a loss of diurnal variation in FT levels among HIV-infected men. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.